
- General Drug Summary
- Structure

- Summary In Neonatal Jaundice
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9 record(s) for Calcium Effective in Maintaining Remission in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 3375781
- Calcium
- Effective in Maintaining Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Essential substances for human health,and show statistical difference of reference values in premature neonates compared with full-term neonates.
- Age-related reference values for ionized calcium in the first week of life in premature and full-term neonates. Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory in, 1988 May [Go to PubMed]
- Reference values for ionized calcium were measured in anaerobic samples of capillary blood from 22 healthy premature neonates, gestational age 33-36 weeks, birth weight 1660-2480 g. Reference values (mean +/- 2SE) for premature neonates aged 5-12, 13-19, 25-48, 51-72, 77-99, 108-140, 150-185 h were: 1.21 +/- 0.16, 1.17 +/- 0.12, 1.21 +/- 0.16, 1.28 +/- 0.18, 1.34 +/- 0.14, 1.38 +/- 0.13, 1.40 +/- 0.16 mmol/l, respectively. Ionized calcium in 59 full-term neonates with mild pathological hyperbilirubinaemia (no phototherapy needed) and 28 neonates born by section (no neonatal complications) showed no statistical difference (unpaired t-test) in age-related values compared with matching healthy neonates with no clinical remarks. Data for full-term neonates were pooled and age-related reference values (mean +/- 2SE) for ionized calcium in capillary whole blood for 168 full-term neonates, gestational age 38-41 weeks, birth weight 2550-4700 g, aged 1-12, 13-24, 25-48, 49-72, 73-99, 99-120, 121-144, 146-168, 178-264h were: 1.24 +/- 0.11, 1.19 +/- 0.12, 1.21 +/- 0.13, 1.22 +/- 0.14, 1.29 +/- 0.17, 1.35 +/- 0.12, 1.37 +/- 0.12, 1.38 +/- 0.16, 1.40 +/- 0.10 mmol/l, respectively.
- 8442881
- Calcium
- Effective in Maintaining Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Essential elements of human health, and its content as an indicator of health status
- [Biochemical and hematometric effects of exchange transfusion in isoimmunized neonates]. Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México, 1993 Mar [Go to PubMed]
- A hundred twenty full term newborns infants (RN) with ABO or Rh isoimmunization who were submitted to exchange transfusion (ET) because hyperbilirubinemia have been studied and with the procedure were demonstrated: 1. Increase the levels of serum sodium in 2.8% in the RN of ABO group and 3.2% in the RN of Rh group with a recurrence of the original values prior to the procedure within three hours post-ET. 2. The levels of serum sodium equal or superior to 180 mEq/L (mmol/L) in the donor's blood led to hypernatremia after the ET, with a recurrence of the original values prior to the procedures within three hours post-ET. 3. The levels of serum potassium of the RN decreased (-7.7% in the ABO group and -5.47% in the Rh group) with a recurrence of the normal values in the control of six hours post-ET in the ABO group and one of 12 hours in the Rh group. 4. The levels of total calcium in the controls haven't been significantly altered up to 24 hours post-ET. 5. Regarding the pH, in spite of having used blood with ow levels compared to those expected for fresh blood, the RN for this experiment maintained the acid-base balance within normal range. In relation to the hematimetric values, the ET: 1. Increase both hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hto) values in both groups (increase of 5.6% in Hb and 6% in Hto in the ABO group and increase of 9.2% in Hb and 6.1% in Hto in the Rh group), right after the ET, with a reduction in the control posterior to that. 2. The values of Hb and Hto were always inferior in the RN in the Rh group. Therefore, it has been shown the high intensity of the hemolysis in this group.
- 6895262
- Calcium
- Effective in Maintaining Remission
- Review
- Summary
- Essential elements of human health, and its content as an indicator of health status.
- Phototherapy-induced hypocalcemia in newborn rats: prevention by melatonin. Science (New York, N.Y.), 1981 Nov 13 [Go to PubMed]
- When young rats are exposed to white fluorescent light the concentration of calcium in their serum decreases. This effect is prevented by shielding the occiput, by inhibiting corticosterone synthesis, and by exogenous melatonin. Furthermore, the expected hypocalcemic response to cortisol injection is prevented by melatonin. Light-induced hypocalcemia may result from increased calcium uptake by bone when the blocking effect of melatonin decreases after pineal inhibition by transcranial illumination.
- 2243373
- Calcium
- Effective in Maintaining Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Blood exchange transfusions would lead to significantly calcium decreased in Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
- [Clinical studies of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia treated with blood exchange transfusion]. Gaoxiong yi xue ke xue za zhi = The Kaohsiung jour, 1990 Oct [Go to PubMed]
- From April 1984 to November 1989, 194 cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia treated with blood exchange transfusions (BET) were studied. The patients included 127 male and 67 female neonates, with an age ranged from 13 hours to 16 days. The most common cause was idiopathic (52.6%), followed by G-6-PD deficiency (23.7%), and sepsis (12.9%). Most of the neonates received BET at the 4th day of birth (23.2%), but there were still 30 cases (15.5%) that received BET after 1 week of age. There were 17 cases (8.8%) with maximum serum bilirubin lower than 20 mg/dl before receiving BET, five of them were LBW infants; 11 cases (5.7%) were greater than 40 mg/dl. The mean of maximum serum bilirubin was 26.9 +/- 7.96 mg/dl. Most of the cases received BET once (145 cases) or twice (33 cases). There were two cases that received up to six BET's. One was G-6-PD deficiency and one idiopathic in etiology. No significant difference of BET frequency between sex or body weight (p greater than 0.05) was found. Newborns with higher srum bilirubin due to G-6-PD deficiency, received more BET (p less than 0.05). No significant differences of the pH value (7.33 +/- 0.08 vs 7.35 +/- 0.10) and bicarbonate values (21.20 +/- 3.99 vs 22.00 +/- 3.83 mM/L) occurred before and after blood exchange transfusion (p greater than 0.1). The serum calcium decreased significantly after BET (3.88 +/- 0.91 vs 3.15 +/- 6.97 mEq/L, p less than 0.05). There were 11 deaths in this series, the mortality rate was 5.7%. Three cases (1.5%) were dead within 6 hours after BET.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
- 14630992
- Calcium
- Effective in Maintaining Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Essential elements of human health, and its content as an indicator of health status.
- Evaluation of plasma ionized magnesium levels in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Pediatric research, 2004 Feb [Go to PubMed]
- Plasma levels of ionized magnesium (IMg) measured by ion-selective electrode were investigated in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia by comparing the newborns with (> or =205 microM) and without (<205 microM) significant hyperbilirubinemia (groups of severe and moderate hyperbilirubinemia, respectively). Serum bilirubin, plasma IMg, and ionized calcium (ICa) levels were determined in 165 healthy term newborns with nonhemolytic indirect hyperbilirubinemia during the first 10 d of life. Mean serum bilirubin, plasma IMg, and ICa levels were 200.1 +/- 126.5 microM, 0.54 +/- 0.12 mM, and 1.15 +/- 0.12 mM, respectively, in 165 newborns whose mean postnatal age was 156.1 +/- 46.5 h, and there was a significant positive correlation between the mean serum bilirubin and plasma IMg levels (r = 0.535, p < 0.001). Serum bilirubin levels (304.4 +/- 83.8 microM versus 94.1 +/- 54.7 microM) and plasma IMg levels (0.6 +/- 0.12 mM versus 0.49 +/- 0.1 mM) were significantly higher and plasma ICa levels (1.13 +/- 0.12 mM versus 1.18 +/- 0.12 mM) were significantly lower in the group of severe hyperbilirubinemia (n = 83) when compared with the group with moderate hyperbilirubinemia (n = 82). Seventeen of the 83 cases of severe hyperbilirubinemia had IMg levels above the normal range (> or =0.69 mM), whereas none of the 82 cases of moderate hyperbilirubinemia had elevated IMg levels. Fifteen of the 17 with high IMg levels had bilirubin levels >290 microM. Results of the present study suggest that increase in plasma IMg may be due to extracellular movement of Mg, a principally intracellular ion, resulting from generalized cellular injury including neurons and erythrocytes. Considering neuroprotective functions and beneficial effects of Mg ion in improving neurologic outcome, we also may speculate the possibility of a neuroprotective role or a compensatory mechanism in IMg increase against emerging toxicity risk of increasing serum bilirubin levels.
- 2642257
- Calcium
- Effective in Maintaining Remission
- Meta-Analysis
- Summary
- Calcium does play a rloe for Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia responsible.
- Epidemiologic study of neonatal jaundice. A survey of contributing factors. Acta paediatrica Scandinavica. Supplement, 1989 [Go to PubMed]
- In the attempt to detect factors influencing bilirubinemia in healthy full-term or near-term newborn infants, a statistical analysis was carried out on a population of 1,126 neonates to study the variables possibly associated with maximum bilirubin values reached in the first days of life. The following variables were studied: maximum bilirubin level (maxBIL), sex, mode of delivery, gestational age, birthweight, ratio of birthweight/weight on 5th day, Apgar score, Rh and ABO incompatibility. Blood glucose and calcium levels, haematocrit, intake of breast milk, formula and glucose solution were also evaluated during the first 5 days of life. Higher maxBIL was found in males compared to females, after spontaneous delivery vs. emergency caesarean section, after caesarean section without fetal distress vs. emergency caesarean section, and in ABO incompatibility vs. no ABO incompatibility. Statistically significant inverse correlations were observed between maxBIL and gestational age, birth weight, blood glucose,and SE-calcium. Significant positive correlations were found between maxBIL and haematocrit and breast milk intake. A multiple regression analysis between maxBIL and the significantly correlated parameters showed that only gestational age and birth weight remained significantly correlated with maxBIL. The results of the present investigation confirm that the factors most commonly reported as being responsible for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia do in fact play a role, although it can be considered almost negligible with the exception of gender, mode of delivery, ABO incompatibility, birthweight and gestational age.
- 12763122
- Calcium
- Effective in Maintaining Remission
- Meta-Analysis
- Summary
- Calcium antagonists have not been evaluated against placebo.
- The case for tocolysis in threatened preterm labour. BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and , 2003 Apr [Go to PubMed]
- The failure of tocolytics to improve neonatal outcomes in placebo-controlled trials has wrongly been interpreted as evidence that they do not work. While delivery is unequivocally prolonged by 24 hours, 48 hours and 7 days, the time gained was not exploited to optimise neonatal outcome. These trials typically studied women at relatively advanced gestational ages with predictably good outcomes, enrolled them in tertiary centres where they could not benefit from in-utero transfer, and had low levels of corticosteroid administration. No study has been powered to detect clinically meaningful differences that might be expected to accrue from 1-7 days prolongation of gestation. Despite this, Bayesian interpretation suggests that tocolytics do improve neonatal outcome. The largest placebo-controlled study showed clear trends towards better survival in fetuses <28 weeks, lower rates of cerebral palsy and higher Bayley mental scores. Meta-analysis of neonatal morbidity in the beta-agonist trials suggests a near-significant reduction in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), together with trends towards reduced intraventricular haemorrhage, necrotising enterocolitis, and patent ductus arteriosus. Finally, there is the Orwellian analogy that tocolytics don't work, but some work better than others. Although calcium antagonists have not been evaluated against placebo, meta-analysis of comparative trials with beta-agonists demonstrate a significantly lower incidence of RDS and neonatal jaundice, presumably mediated through the reduced chance of delivery within 48 hours and 7 days. Development of tocolytics that are safe for mother and baby should facilitate adequately-powered placebo-controlled studies, which both focus on women most likely to benefit and capitalise on the 1-7 days gained.
- 7995917
- Calcium
- Effective in Maintaining Remission
- Review
- Summary
- Essential elements of human health, and its content as an indicator of health status.
- [Insulin dependent diabetes and pregnancy: evaluation of the insulin pump]. Journal de gynécologie, obstétrique et biologie , 1994 [Go to PubMed]
- To evaluate the effectiveness of continuous insulin infusion (insulin pump) on the materno-foetal morbidity during pregnancy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
A retrospective study from 1980 to 1991. SITE. Gynecology-Obstetrics Unit, University of Caen.
Eighty-one patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus known to be affected before their pregnancy were followed in the unit from 1980 to 1991. This population was divided into two groups: in the first group, an insulin pump was installed before 15 weeks of amenorrhoea (n = 36) and in the second group, conventional treatment was given with three daily injections of insulin or with a pump installed after 15 weeks of amenorrhoea (n = 45).
In the first group with the insulin pump before 15 weeks, there was a higher proportion of severe diabetes, the first consultation occurred earlier, there were half as many cases of neonatal jaundice and the length of hospitalization during the first trimester of pregnancy was longer. There was no difference in Apgar scores, cord pH, birth weight and the proportion of foetal macrosomia, length of the hospitalization in the neonatality ward, rate of malformation, infection, low blood glucose and calcium, transitive respiratory distress and neonatal polycythaemia, length of hospitalization of the mother during the second and third week postpartum, the rate of urinary infection, high blood pressure, hydramnios during pregnancy, delivery route, haemoglobin Alc or fructosamine during pregnancy. There was no perinatal death.
Although there was no significant difference in the results, which may be explained by the higher number of severe cases of diabetes in the first group, the use of the insulin pump did not appear to improve control of blood glucose levels, and thus to improve the materno-foetal prognosis, except by the bias of earlier attentive management of the pregnancy which led to better outcome.
- 16936360
- Calcium
- Effective in Maintaining Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Calcium channel blocker (Depin) tocolysis was effective in postponing labour at one stage.
- Maternal antenatal profile and immediate neonatal outcome in VLBW and ELBW babies. Indian journal of pediatrics, 2006 Aug [Go to PubMed]
- To evaluate the antenatal profile of the mother and the immediate neonatal morbidity and mortality till discharge.
The study was a retrospective analysis of 92 patients of preterm labour who delivered babies weighinA total of 92 mothers in preterm labour at 26 to 34 weeks were admitted and subsequently delivered 70 VLBW babies (< 1500 gms) and 36 ELBW babies (< 1000 gms) including 8 pairs of twins and 3 triplets pregnancies. Majority of the patients (93.4%) were booked. Amongst the various high risk factors for preterm labour, anaemia during pregnancy (32.6%), bacterial vaginosis (26%), gestational hypertension (18.4%) and pervious history of preterm labour (18.4%) were common associations. Calcium channel blocker (Depin) tocolysis was effective in postponing labour from 48 hours to more than 2 weeks. The cesarean section rate was very high (67.3%) in our study. The commoner neonatal complications in both VLBW and ELBW babies were RDS, neonatal jaundice and sepsis. Features of IUGR were seen in both the groups (22.8% in VLBW and 22.2% in ELBW babies). The neonatal mortality rate till discharge was 15.7% in VLBW group and 33.3% in ELBW group. The morality rate was highest in 26 to 30 weeks gestation babies and in babies weighing < 800 gms.
Antenatal profile of preterm labour in our series showed a number of high risk factors. The identification of common high risk factors is important for appropriate prenatal care. A better neonatal survival rate was possible due to timely intervention, appropriate management and NICU care facility available in our tertiary care centre.
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4 record(s) for Calcium Effective in Inducing Remission in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 7595091
- Calcium
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- In Vitro Study
- Summary
- Binding of UCB to calcium phosphate in the intestine may stimulate its excretion and thereby constitute a relevant mechanism of excretion.
- Rapid association of unconjugated bilirubin with amorphous calcium phosphate. Journal of lipid research, 1995 Aug [Go to PubMed]
- The association of unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) with amorphous calcium phosphate was studied in vitro. To this end UCB, solubilized in different micellar bile salt solutions, was incubated with freshly prepared calcium phosphate precipitate. It was demonstrated that amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) rapidly binds and precipitates UCB in a dose-dependent way. The results indicate that binding of UCB to ACP is specific: binding to barium phosphate was negligible and addition of low amounts of Mg2+ before formation of the calcium phosphate precipitate (Ca:Mg = 5:1) inhibited binding by 80%. Free Ca2+ stimulated binding, whereas free phosphate ions inhibited binding of UCB in taurocholate solutions and to a lesser extent in glycocholate solutions. The apparent affinity of UCB for amorphous calcium phosphate was different in the various bile salt solutions. Binding of UCB decreased at pH > 8.5 in taurocholate solutions, but not in glycocholate solutions where binding of UCB was constant from pH 7.5-10.5. We propose a model in which UCB directly binds to amorphous calcium phosphate in the presence of bile salts that weakly interact with ACP, like taurocholate. In the presence of bile salts that strongly interact with ACP, such as glycochenodeoxycholate, binding of UCB may also occur via the bile salt. In conditions of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, such as the Crigler-Najjar syndrome, neonatal jaundice, and in the Gunn rat, considerable amounts of UCB diffuse across the intestinal mucosa. Binding of UCB to calcium phosphate in the intestine may stimulate its excretion and thereby constitute a relevant mechanism of excretion.
- 12076443
- Calcium
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Meta-Analysis
- Summary
- Be used to treat the women in preterm labour.
- Calcium channel blockers for inhibiting preterm labour. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2002 [Go to PubMed]
- Preterm birth is a major contributor to perinatal mortality and morbidity and affects approximately six to seven per cent of births in developed countries. Tocolytics are drugs used to suppress uterine contractions. The most widely tested tocolytics are betamimetics. Although they have been shown to delay delivery, betamimetics have not been shown to improve perinatal outcome, and they have a high frequency of unpleasant and even fatal maternal side effects. There is growing interest in calcium channel blockers as a potentially effective and well tolerated form of tocolysis.
To assess the effects on maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes of calcium channel blockers, administered as a tocolytic agent, to women in preterm labour.
We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's specialised register of controlled trials, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (February 2002), MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Current Contents. We also contacted recognised experts and cross referenced relevant material.
All published and unpublished randomised trials in which calcium channel blockers were used for tocolysis for women in labour between 20 and 36 weeks gestation.
Standard methods of the Cochrane Collaboration and the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group were used. Evaluation of methodological quality and trial data extraction were undertaken independently by three authors. Additional information was sought to enable assessment of methodology and conduct of intention-to-treat analyses. Meta-analysis was conducted assessing the effects of calcium channel blockers compared with any other tocolytic agent. Results are presented using relative risk for categorical data and weighted mean difference for continuous data.
Eleven randomised controlled trials involving 870 women were included. When compared with any other tocolytic agent (mainly betamimetics), calcium channel blockers reduced the number of women giving birth within 48 hours (relative risk (RR) 0.73; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54, 0.98) and within seven days (RR 0.76; 95% CI 0.59, 0.99). Calcium channel blockers also reduced the requirement for women to have treatment ceased for adverse drug reaction (RR 0.15; 95% CI 0.06, 0.43), the frequency of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RR 0.64; 95% CI 0.45, 0.91) and neonatal jaundice (RR 0.73; 95% CI 0.57, 0.93).
When tocolysis is indicated for women in preterm labour, calcium channel blockers are preferable to betamimetic agents. Further research should address the effects of different dosage regimens and formulations of nifedipine on maternal and neonatal outcomes.
- 12535434
- Calcium
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Summary
- Calcium channel blockers for inhibiting preterm labour.
- Calcium channel blockers for inhibiting preterm labour. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2003 [Go to PubMed]
- Preterm birth is a major contributor to perinatal mortality and morbidity and affects approximately six to seven per cent of births in developed countries. Tocolytics are drugs used to suppress uterine contractions. The most widely tested tocolytics are betamimetics. Although they have been shown to delay delivery, betamimetics have not been shown to improve perinatal outcome, and they have a high frequency of unpleasant and even fatal maternal side effects. There is growing interest in calcium channel blockers as a potentially effective and well tolerated form of tocolysis.
To assess the effects on maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes of calcium channel blockers, administered as a tocolytic agent, to women in preterm labour.
We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's specialised register of controlled trials (June 2002), the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (The Cochrane Library, Issue 2, 2002), MEDLINE (1965 to June 2002), EMBASE (1988 to June 2002), and Current Contents (1997 to June 2002). We also contacted recognised experts and cross referenced relevant material.
All published and unpublished randomised trials in which calcium channel blockers were used for tocolysis for women in labour between 20 and 36 weeks' gestation.
Standard methods of the Cochrane Collaboration and the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group were used. Evaluation of methodological quality and trial data extraction were undertaken independently by three authors. Additional information was sought to enable assessment of methodology and conduct of intention-to-treat analyses. Meta-analysis was conducted assessing the effects of calcium channel blockers compared with any other tocolytic agent. Results are presented using relative risk for categorical data and weighted mean difference for continuous data.
Twelve randomised controlled trials involving 1029 women were included. When compared with any other tocolytic agent (mainly betamimetics), calcium channel blockers reduced the number of women giving birth within seven days of receiving treatment (relative risk (RR) 0.76; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.60 to 0.97) and prior to 34 weeks' gestation (RR 0.83; 95% CI 0.69 to 0.99). Calcium channel blockers also reduced the requirement for women to have treatment ceased for adverse drug reaction (RR 0.14; 95% CI 0.05 to 0.36), the frequency of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RR 0.63; 95% CI 0.46 to 0.88), necrotising enterocolitis (RR 0.21; 95% CI 0.05 to 0.96), intraventricular haemorrhage (RR 0.59 95% CI 0.36 to 0.98) and neonatal jaundice (RR 0.73; 95% CI 0.57 to 0.93).
When tocolysis is indicated for women in preterm labour, calcium channel blockers are preferable to other tocolytic agents compared, mainly betamimetics. Further research should address the effects of different dosage regimens and formulations of calcium channel blockers on maternal and neonatal outcomes.
- 8077028
- Calcium
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Calcium supplement is effective for preventing hypocalcemia under phototherapy in neonates.
- Phototherapy induced hypocalcemia. Indian pediatrics, 1993 Dec [Go to PubMed]
- Sixty neonates with hyperbilirubinemia were included in the study. There were 20 preterm (Group A) and 20 full term (Group B) neonates. Ten neonates from each group formed the control group. The study group neonates were managed with phototherapy while the control group neonates were not subjected to phototherapy. Serum calcium levels of the two groups were studied. Ninety per cent preterm neonates and seventy-five per cent full term neonates developed hypocalcemia after being subjected to phototherapy. There was a highly significant fall in the total as well as ionized calcium levels in the study group in contrast to the control group. It is recommended that neonates under phototherapy should be given supplemental calcium to prevent hypocalcemia.