- General Drug Summary
- Description
- A non-essential amino acid. It is found primarily in gelatin and silk fibroin and used therapeutically as a nutrient. It is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter. [PubChem]
- Also Known As
- 2-Aminoacetic acid; Aminoacetic acid; Aminoethanoic acid; Gly
- Categories
- Glycine Agents
- Groups
- approved; nutraceutical
- Structure
- Summary In Neonatal Jaundice
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1 record(s) for Glycine Adverse Event in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 12502904
- Glycine
- Adverse Event
- In Vitro Study
- Summary
- G71R mutation contributes to the development of Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in the Japanese population.
- Gly71Arg mutation of the bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 gene is associated with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in the Japanese population. The Kobe journal of medical sciences, 2002 Aug [Go to PubMed]
- The serum bilirubin level of Japanese newborn infants in their first few days is significantly higher than that in Caucasian newborn infants, suggesting that there might be genetic risk factors for the development of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in the Japanese population. Recently, it has been reported that a variant TATA box in the promoter region of the bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 (UGT1A1) gene is associated with the development of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. This finding led us to the idea that a mutation, glycine to arginine at codon 71 (G71R), in the coding region of the UGT1A1 gene can cause neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. In this study, we determined the genotypic distribution of the G71R mutation in 72 Japanese newborn infants: 23 infants with hyperbilirubinemia and 49 infants without hyperbilirubinemia. In the hyperbilirubinemia group, 15 of 23 newborn infants had the G71R mutation (3 homozygotes and 12 heterozygotes), whereas in the non-hyperbilirubinemia group 16 of 49 newborn infants ha the G71R mutation (1 homozygote and 15 heterozygotes). Therefore, the G71R mutation was present significantly more frequently in the hyperbilirubinemia group than in the non-hyperbilirubinemia group. This finding strongly suggests that the presence of the G71R mutation contributes to the development of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in the Japanese population.
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3 record(s) for Glycine NA in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 4018100
- Glycine
- NA
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- The ratio of glycine- to taurine-conjugated bile acid may associated with the breast-fed infants with jaundice.
- Serum bile acids and their conjugates in breast-fed infants with prolonged jaundice. European journal of pediatrics, 1985 May [Go to PubMed]
- Serum bile acids and their conjugates were analysed in 20 breast-fed infants with prolonged jaundice. The mean total bile acid levels in serum were increased in the breast-fed infants with jaundice, as compared with those in either breast- or bottle-fed infants without jaundice. However, there were no significant differences between the groups. All the breast-fed infants examined, regardless of association with jaundice, had a bile acid pattern dominated by taurine conjugates (the ratio of glycine- to taurine-conjugated bile acid, G/T ratio, less than 1.00). In contrast, the bottle-fed infants without jaundice had a pattern dominated by glycine conjugates (G/T ratio, more than 1.00). Among the breast-fed infants with jaundice, the mean G/T ratio in those who had serum bilirubin levels over 10 mg/100 ml was significantly lower than that in those who had serum bilirubin levels of less than 10 mg/100 ml. The altered bile acid metabolism might be associated with the pathology of breast milk jaundice.
- 1614800
- Glycine
- NA
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Decreasing of the content of cholyl glycine would promoting the growth of the bilirubin-binding capacity of albumin.
- [Liver function in newborn infants with conjugation hyperbilirubinemia after exchange transfusion and hemosorption]. Pediatriia, 1992 [Go to PubMed]
- Overall 40 neonates with conjugation jaundice were examined. A study was made over time (after 1 and 5 days) of the content of bilirubin, cholesterol, total protein, cholyl glycine, cholinesterase, and alanine aminotransferase before and after surgical treatment (substitution transfusion and hemoperfusion). It has been established that substitution transfusion inhibits protein synthesizing liver function and raises the content of cholyl glycine. In the authors, opinion, this reduces the bilirubin-binding capacity of albumin and increases hepatocyte membrane permeability. Extracorporeal detoxication makes protein synthesizing liver function return to normal, minimizes the content of cholyl glycine, promoting the growth of the bilirubin-binding capacity of albumin.
- 15491385
- Glycine
- NA
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Glycine to arginine at codon 1 (G71R) mutation may not contribute to the high incidence of the Neonatal jaundice in South-east Asian populations.
- Screening for G71R mutation of the UGT1A1 gene in the Javanese-Indonesian and Malay-Malaysian populations. Pediatrics international : official journal of the, 2004 Oct [Go to PubMed]
- There are significant differences in the prevalence and severity of neonatal jaundice among various populations. Recently, it has been reported that a mutation of the UGT1A1 gene, glycine to arginine at codon 1 (G71R), is related to the development of neonatal jaundice in East Asian populations. However, whether the G71R mutation contributes to the high incidence of neonatal jaundice in different Asian populations remains unknown. The authors screened for this mutation in the Javanese-Indonesian and Malay-Malaysian populations.
One hundred and thirty-six subjects were enrolled in this study: 68 Javanese-Indonesian adults and 68 Malay-Malaysian newborns (32 with jaundice and 36 without jaundice). Denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) was used to screen for the G71R mutation, and the results were confirmed by nucleotide sequencing analysis.
With DHPLC, the authors easily and clearly detected seven subjects carrying the G71R mutation: two Javanese-Indonesian adults and five Malay-Malaysian newborns. In the 68 Javanese-Indonesian adults, the genotype distribution for G71R mutation was 66 G/G, two G/R and no R/R genotypes, and the mutated allele frequency was 0.015. In the 68 Malay-Malaysian newborns, genotype distribution for the mutation was 63 G/G, five G/R and no R/R genotypes, and the mutated allele frequency was 0.037. The genotype distributions did not differ significantly between the newborns with jaundice and those without jaundice.
The G71R mutation is present, but very rare, in Javanese-Indonesians and Malay-Malaysians. Thus, G71R mutation may not contribute to the high incidence of the neonatal jaundice in South-east Asian populations. DHPLC analysis is a very useful method for detecting the G71R mutation.
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1 record(s) for Glycine Controvesial in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 20528217
- Glycine
- Controvesial
- Case Report
- Summary
- Glycine to arginine at codon 71 mutation of UGT1A1 is not rare; however, an association between G71R mutation and hyperbilirubinemia of unexplained cause has not been shown in Turkish newborns.
- Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and G71R mutation of the UGT1A1 gene in Turkish patients. neonatal medicine : the official journal of the E, 2011 Feb [Go to PubMed]
- Nonphysiologic hyperbilirubinemia of unexplained cause is prevalent among Turkish newborns, suggesting that there might be genetic risk factors in this population. Mutation of the UGT1A1 gene, glycine to arginine at codon 71 (G71R), is related to the development of neonatal jaundice in East Asian populations but the frequency of this mutation is rare among Caucasian populations. There are insufficient data on the G71R mutation in Turkish newborns with hyperbilirubinemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotypic distribution of the G71R mutation and its relationship with nonphysiologic hyperbilirubinemia of unexplained cause in Turkish newborns.
Polymerase chain reaction, restriction fragment length polymorphism and agarose gel electrophoresis techniques were used for detection of G71R mutation in 109 newborn infants: 39 with hyperbilirubinemia and 70 without hyperbilirubinemia.
The genotypic distribution for the mutation was 70 G/G, 32 A/G, 7 A/A genotypes and the mutated allele frequency was 0.22. The frequency of G71R mutation was 33.3 % (n = 13) A/G, 7.7% (n = 3) A/A in the hyperbilirubinemia group and 27.1% (n = 19) A/R, 5% (n = 4) A/A in the nonhyperbilirubinemia group. The difference between the groups was not statistically significant.
Our results suggest that G71R mutation of UGT1A1 is not rare; however, an association between G71R mutation and hyperbilirubinemia of unexplained cause has not been shown in Turkish newborns.
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1 record(s) for Glycine Effective in Inducing Remission in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 3190184
- Glycine
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Practice Guideline
- Summary
- A glycine conjugate of salicylate, 2-hydroxybenzoylglycine, which is known to be present at elevated levels in newborns and has a potent bilirubin-displacing property
- In vitro displacement of bilirubin by antibiotics and 2-hydroxybenzoylglycine in newborns. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1988 Oct [Go to PubMed]
- Hyperbilirubinemia is frequently observed in neonates, and serious neurological complications such as kernicterus can be precipitated when the concentration of unconjugated bilirubin is abnormally increased. The administration of drugs which bind to albumin and compete with bilirubin can increase the possibility of such a complication. To test the bilirubin-displacing activity of pharmacological agents that are used with newborns, 52 antimicrobial agents were investigated in vitro. A glycine conjugate of salicylate, 2-hydroxybenzoylglycine, which is known to be present at elevated levels in newborns and has a potent bilirubin-displacing property, was used as a positive control agent. Pooled cord serum was used as a source of hyperbilirubinemic serum. A centrifugal ultrafiltration method with semipermeable cones was employed to determine the effects of potential bilirubin-displacing agents on the levels of total bilirubin. 2-Hydroxybenzoylglycine was demonstrated to be the most potent bilirubin-displacing aget. Antibiotics could be classified into four groups: high-level displacers (sulfisoxazole, sulfamethoxazole, dicloxacilli, cefoperazone, and ceftriaxone), intermediate-level displacers (moxalactam, nafcillin, and 14 others), low-level displacers (aztreonam, carbenicillin, and 11 others), and nondisplacers (mezlocillin, cefuroxime, kanamycin, and 15 others). It is concluded that the ultrafiltration method is a rapid and readily reproducible for the determination of bilirubin displacement and that antibiotics with a tendency to displace bilirubin should be avoided in jaundiced newborns whenever appropriate alternatives are available.
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1 record(s) for Glycine Effective in Maintaining Remission in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 9505275
- Glycine
- Effective in Maintaining Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Used as internal standards in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to determine the concentrations of conjugated bile acids in dried blood spots.
- A method for the quantitation of conjugated bile acids in dried blood spots using electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Pediatric research, 1998 Mar [Go to PubMed]
- Bile acid concentrations are elevated in the blood of neonates with cholestatic hepatobiliary disorders providing a possible means of screening for treatable conditions including biliary atresia. A method is described for the determination of concentrations of conjugated bile acids in dried blood spots using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Bile acids were eluted from the blood spots using methanol containing, as internal standards, the taurine and glycine conjugates of D4-chenodeoxycholic acid and D4-cholic acid. The samples were then reconstituted in acetonitrile/water and injected by autosampler into the electrospray source operating in negative ion mode. Optimal conditions were determined for both single quadrupole and tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Blood spot bile acid profiles were studied in two groups of infants (< 1 y), a cholestatic group (conjugated bilirubin > 25 mumol/L; n = 49), and a control group (n = 96). The best discrimination between the two groups was provided by measurements of taurodihydroxycholanoates (normal < 5 mumol/L; cholestatic group 18-94 mumol/L) and glycodihydroxycholanoates (normal < 5 mumol/L; cholestatic group 11-66 mumol/L). The method can also be adapted to detect unusual bile acids which are diagnostic of inborn errors of bile acid synthesis and peroxisomal disorders. The method is fast, reliable, reproducible, and relatively cheap; however, much more work is required to determine whether it can be used for mass screening for cholestasis. It will be necessary to show that measurement of bile acid concentrations in blood spots obtained at 7-10 d can be used to detect infants who currently present with jaundice, pale stools, and dark urine during the first 6 mo of life.